Clinical efficacy of Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab in the treatment of initially borderline resectable advanced liver cancer / 中华消化外科杂志

Conversion therapy has become the core in the treatment of borderline resectable or unresectable liver cancer, which provides resectable opportunities for more advanced liver cancer patients. In accordance with the first-choice treatment regimen recommended by the guidelines, the authors reported a successful case of Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab (T+A regimen) conversion therapy. The patient with initially borderline resectable advanced liver cancer was performed liver segment resection sucessfully after conversion therapy, and non-tumor recurrence was observed at postoperative 9 months. Postoperative pathological examination showed combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma, which also indicated the important value of T+A regimen in the conversion therapy of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma.

A Single-cell Transcriptome Atlas of Cashmere Goat Hair Follicle Morphogenesis / 基因组蛋白质组与生物信息学报·英文版

Cashmere, also known as soft gold, is produced from the secondary hair follicles (SHFs) of cashmere goats. The number of SHFs determines the yield and quality of cashmere; therefore, it is of interest to investigate the transcriptional profiles present during cashmere goat hair follicle development. However, mechanisms underlying this development process remain largely unexplored, and studies regarding hair follicle development mostly use a murine research model. In this study, to provide a comprehensive understanding of cellular heterogeneity and cell fate decisions, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on 19,705 single cells of the dorsal skin from cashmere goat fetuses at induction (embryonic day 60; E60), organogenesis (E90), and cytodifferentiation (E120) stages. For the first time, unsupervised clustering analysis identified 16 cell clusters, and their corresponding cell types were also characterized. Based on lineage inference, a detailed molecular landscape was revealed along the dermal and epidermal cell lineage developmental pathways. Notably, our current data also confirmed the heterogeneity of dermal papillae from different hair follicle types, which was further validated by immunofluorescence analysis. The current study identifies different biomarkers during cashmere goat hair follicle development and has implications for cashmere goat breeding in the future.

Partition of abdominal infection: exploration and innovation of the abdominal partition under intra-abdominal infection / 中华消化外科杂志

Source control is the core of intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) treatment, in which precise positioning and effective drainage is the key and aporia. On the basis of membrane anatomy theory and understanding of anatomic structural abnormality under IAIs, the authors propose the concept of 'abdominal partition under IAIs’ in order to locate the source of infection and design of safe drainage path precisely, which could improve the diagnosis and treatment of IAIs and the prognosis.

The value of quantitative perfusion in the prediction of ablation response in MR-HIFU for uterine fibroids / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the value of whole-tumor histogram analysis of quantitative perfusion in the prediction of ablation response in MR-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU)treatment for uterine fibroids.Methods A total of 31 fibroids in 28 eligible patients were treated with MR-HIFU.Four histogram parameters of the quantitative perfusion parameter (Ktrans )were obtained prior to MR-HIFU treatment:mean,median,skewness and kurtosis.T1 contrast-enhanced MRI immediately after MR-HIFU was performed to determine the non-perfused volume (NPV)and acquire non-perfused volume ratio (NPVR).The relationship between NPVR and all fibroid characteristics was determined by Spearman correlation analysis.Results The 3 1 fibroids were divided into high-response group and low-response group according to whether NPVR was higher than 60%.Four histogram metrics of Ktrans showed statistical difference between the two groups.The mean and median of Ktrans ,fibroid maximum diameter and T2 signal intensity type were correlated with NPVR.The Spearman correlation coefficient were －0.60,－0.66,－0.45 and －0.39,respectively (P＜0.05).Conclusion Uterine fibroids with lower whole-tumor Ktrans can achieve higher immediate ablation efficiency in MR-HIFU.Together with its histogram metrics,it might be a valuable indicator for patient selecting.

Expression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 and Correlation with Clinical Pathological Features in Breast Cancer / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate of value of HER2 as a prognostic marker,and to analysis associations with common his-topathological parameters in BC cases.Methods In this study,formalin-fixed,paraffin-embedded samples of tumors from 160 breast cancer patients who underwent curative surgery proce-dures between 2011 and 2014 were tested by immunohisto-chemistry (IHC)as aprimary estimate of HER2 status,followed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).Concordance rate between IHC and FISH was evaluated.Theχ2 test was used to evaluate the correlation between HER2 gene amplifica-tion status and different clinical pathological features including:(estrogen receptor)ER and (progesterone receptor)PR ex-pression,age,menopausal status and tumor size.Results There was a significant inverse association between expression of hormone receptors (ER and PR)and HER2 amplification (all P0.05).HER2-negative le-sions were of higher grade and more likely to be ER-negative,PR-negative,p5 3-positive,lymph node metastasis,and also Ki-67≥20% as compared to the HER2-positive group and HER2 overe xpression was associated with the levels of ER and PR. Conclusion There is correlation of many clinical factors with HER2 expression.

Assessment of diffusion tensor imaging in renal occupying lesions / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To assess the non-invasive and quantitative value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)in the diagnosis,differ-ential diagnosis and classification of renal occupying lesions.Methods 30 healthy volunteers and 126 suspected cases with renal space-occupying lesions underwent conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)and DTI scans.A total of 144 lesions were found in 126 patients.DTI was performed in 6 directions with b values of 0 and 500 s/mm2 .Fractional anisotropy (FA)and appar-ent diffusion coefficient(ADC)values were measured.Results With b values at 500 s/mm2 ,FA and ADC values between the nor-mal renal cortex and medulla in renal carcinoma,renal angiomyolipomas,renal cysts were pairwisely compared and there were all statistical difference (P <0.05).Difference of FA and ADC values between clear renal cell carcinoma and non-clear cell carcinoma was also significant (P <0.05).Conclusion FA and ADC values could distinguish benign from malignant renal tumour which may be helpful in the speculation of renal carcinoma pathological types.

Mammographic Findings of Non-puerperal Breast Abscess / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To improve the diagnostic accuracy of non-puerperal breast abscess.Methods The mammographic findings of non-puerperal breast abscess in 10 cases were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.Results The following X-ray signs of this disease were found on mammograms:(1)acute abscess:it showed irregular compact lesions with unclear boundary and no any structures in centre of lesion(5 cases),or mass lesion with hyper density and blurred boundary(1 case),skin edema (3 cases).(2)chronic abscess:it showed round or roundlike mass with sharp and clear boundary(2 cases),irregular long or short burr around the mass (2 cases),subabcesses(2 cases),skin thicken(2 cases) fistula (1 case).Conclusion The accuracy of diagnosing non-puerperal breast abscess can be improved by the combination of X-ray signs and clinical information.

The Clinical Evaluation of MR Cholangiopancreatography / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography ( MRCP ).Methods MPCP data of 42 cases with pancreatic and bile duct lesion proved by operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.MRCP was performed using single-shot-radio SE sequence (SSH/RAD). Of all cases included bile duct lithiasis in 19 , inflammation in 3,congenital cyst in 6 , carcinoma in 12,jaundice caused by diverticulitis of duodenum in 1 and Mirizzi syndrome in 1 .Results MRCP was succeeded at one time in all cases . On MRCP , the visual rate of intrinsic and extrinsic hepatic bile duct was 100% and that of common pancreas duct was 80.58%.The localized and qualitative diagnosis of lesions were up to 100%,88.2% respectively.Conclusion SSH/MRCP/RAD plays an important role in diagnosis of the pancreatic and bile duct lesion in clinical practice.

Liver Cystic Lesions:CT and MRI Diagnosis / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore CT and MR manifestations and its diagnostic value of liver cystic lesions.Methods The clinical and imaging data of 78 cases with liver cystic lesions were collected,including 21 cases of inflammatory cystic lesions,30 cases of tumor cystic degeneration and 27 cass of congenital growth cysts.Results The detected rate of liver cystic lesions with CT and MRI was all 100%.For inflammatory cystic lesions,tumor cystic degeneration and growth cyst,CT diagnostic accurate rate was 76%,90% and 93%,respectively,and MR was 83%,93% and 100% respectively.CT and MR manifestations:Of all inflammatory cystic lesions,hepatic abscess and liver echinococcosis cyst appeared as cystic occupying lesion,the cysts were of tension,low-density band on CT or water-like signal intensity on MR around the lesions in hepatic abscesses.Liver echinococcosis cysts were of big cyst with small cyst sign and enhanced moderately in cystic wall post contrast-enhanced scan.The metastasis cystic tumors showed single or multiple cystic lesions and mild or moderate circular enhancement.The primary liver tumor's cystc degenerative lesions showed cyst-solid lesions on CT and MR,and were of enhanced manifestations of the primary tumors.Growth cysts were single or multiple low-density or water-like signal intensity,generally there was not enhanced.Conclusion CT and MR have great diagnostic value for the location and nature of cystic lesions.

CT Diagnosis of Hepatic Abscess / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To analyse the CT features of hepatic abscess in different stages of pathology so that to improve the accuracy of CT diagnosis.Methods The plain CT and triphase contrast-enhanced CT findings of hepatic abscesses in 50 cases proved by surgery or other clinical methods were retrospectively analysed and compared with CT findings of hepatic carcinoma,hepatic metastases and hepatic hemangiomas.Results CT features of hepatic abscesses were divided into three types according to different stages of pathology.Early pyogenic hepatic abscess(10 cases)had two types:small cavitation(9 cases)and mass(1 case).Typical pyogenic hepatic abscess(38 cases)and granulomatous hepatic abscess(2 cases).Conclusion CT findings of liver abscesses are different in different stage of pathologic changes,triphase contrast-enhanced CT is specific in diagnosing hepatic abscess.

Mammographic and CT Diagnosis of Lipoma in the Breast / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of mammography and CT in diagnosing lipoma of the breast. Methods X-ray mammographic and CT manifestations of lipoma in the breast confirmed by operation and pathology mainly in 8 cases were analyzed retrospectively. Results Lipomas were in the right breast in 6 cases and in the left breast in 2 cases.Lipomas were in shallow layers of breast in 3 cases,interglandular body in 2 cases and the posterior breast in 3 cases.All masses were radiolucency with well-defined edge.The calcification in lipoma could be observed in 1 case.The diameter of lesions ranged from 2 cm to 4.5 cm.Lipoma of the breast showed rounded or ege-shaped in 7 cases,lobulated in 1 case.Conclusion Lipoma of the breast can be identified by X-ray mammography and CT.

Primary Study of Chronic Kidney Disease with MR Diffusion-Weighted Imaging / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the applied value of MR diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)value in chronic kidney disease(CKD).Methods 10 healthy volunteers and 45 patients with different period of CKD underwent routine MRI and DWI.The DWI features were observed.The ADC values were acquired by using Philips soft package on the ADC images.Results Under different b value(300 s/mm2,500 s/mm2 and 800 s/mm2),the ADC value of CKD were 2.29?0.27,2.07?0.21 and 1.91?0.22,respectively,which were significantly lower than that in normal kidneys,and there was statistical difference between different group of CKD.Conclusion DWI may be a noninvasive method to evaluate the renal function.